Meridian Confederation

Meridiana, officially, the Meridian Confederation(Portuguese: Confederação Meridiana) is a confederation in the southeastern region of South America. It borders Argentina to its west, Brazil to its north, the La Plata River to its south and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. Meridiana is home to an estimated xxx million people with a total area of about 754,440.31 km², being the 8th major country in the continental South America plus about 1,250,257 km² of the Meridian Antarctic Territory. The Confederation Capital, Desterro, is the home of important decisions for the politics of the Southern Hemisphere.

Various indigenous people have lived in the Meridian Territory before the formation of the National State. In the colonial era, Santa Catarina was a strategic territory for the Portuguese Dominion in South America, Desterro, São Francisco do Sul and Laguna were one of the first cities in the South of the Portuguese Colony. In 1822, with the Brazilian independence, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande became provinces of Brazil, the Brazilian dominion over Rio Grande ended in 1835 and over Santa Catarina in 1839 through the War of Independence knowns as Farroupilha Revolution. These events created national holidays in the days 24 and 29 of July in Santa Catarina and in September 20 in Rio Grande. Uruguay was the first to get their independence, the "Trinta e Três Orientais" movement fought for their independence in 1825 against the Brazilian Empire, getting it on 1828 with the support of the United Kingdom and Argentina.

In 1864, the declaration of war of Brazil against Uruguay reforced the ties of the Southern former provinces of Brazil, the Conference of 1864 created a Defensive Pact between Santa Catarina, Rio Grande and Uruguay, the continuous Brazilians aggressions lead to the Conference of 1865, creating the Meridian Confederation. After the Southern answer to the agressions, Brazil recognized the independence of Uruguay again. The Confedarion stayed united after the War and started annexing parts of the Paraná territory in Brazil as answer to the previously aggressions.

In the 21st century, Meridiana is a regional power and has the AIN's xxxx largest economy by nominal GDP by 2017 estimate. Meridiana has a growing industrial pole and specializes in several areas of high technology, from the naval area to the electronics, the leader in the Latin America. Santa Catarina is member of United Nations, Alliance of the Independent Nations, G20, Organization of American States, Union of South American Nations, Organization of Ibero-American States, Community of Portuguese Language Countries, International Organization for Italophonia, Latin Union and associate member of Mercosul. Meridiana still hold one of the highest GDP(PPP) Per Capita in South America, with an average value of US$ xxxx.

Etymology
The name Meridiana is associated with the Latin language as a result of the country being located geographically in the south of the planet. The name was chosen due to avoid the name "Southern Brazil" and "Cisplatina", the War of Uruguay led to the formation of the confederation with the chosen name, "Meridiana". The country has already be called by other nations as the United States of the South or the Southern Confederation, both names were abandoned in the 20 Century, after the First World War in agreements with the League of Nations.

First Contacts
The coastal region of Santa Catarina was always inhabited, before the colonial era, by indigenous tribes, and after that, was initially visited by French, Spanish and Portuguese. In 1504, the first colonial expedition took place, where in nowdays is the city of São Francisco do Sul, the first settlement in the Catarinian coast. In 1514, the Island of Santa Catarina, nowdays Desterro, was named as Island of the Ducks, where 17 people were settled in the same year. The coast of Santa Catarina was the stopping point for several navigators who traveled to the Plate River. With the advance of the Portuguese towards the south, the city of São Francisco do Sul was founded, the first city of the south part of the Portuguese colony. At the time of the discoveries, the region that today forms Rio Grande was inhabited by the Minuti Indians, plows and caaguaras, who lived 12,000 years BC. They were good potters and, in hunting, they used the boleadeiras, even today it still as instruments of the Gaucho culture. These tribes lived long without contact with the white settlers. The disputes between Portugal and Spain over the limits of their possessions in America meant that the region was only occupied in the seventeenth century. The Spanish Jesuit priests were the first to establish themselves in Rio Grande, at the time, part of the Capitany of Santana, based in Laguna. Rio Grande, before existing as a division of the Portuguese Empire, was a large pasture where cattle herders from Laguna took the animals to São Vicente, one of the Portuguese main colonial centers in America.

The documented inhabitants of Uruguay before European colonization of the area were the Charrúa, a small tribe driven south by the Guarani of Paraguay. It is estimated that there were about 9,000 Charrúa and 6,000 Chaná and Guaraní at the time of contact with Europeans in the 1500s. The Portuguese were the first Europeans to enter the region of present-day Uruguay in 1512. The Spanish arrived in present-day Uruguay in 1516. The indigenous peoples' fierce resistance to conquest, Uruguay then became a zone of contention between the Spanish and Portuguese empires. The first permanent Spanish settlement was founded in 1624 at Soriano on the Río Negro. In 1669–71, the Portuguese built a fort at Colonia del Sacramento. Spanish colonization increased as Spain sought to limit Portugal's expansion of Brazil's frontiers.

Colonization
The initial settlement of the littoral area was based on mining practiced by the old inhabitants of São Vicente, arrived at the beginning of the seventeenth century, and from which resulted, in 1648, the foundation of the village of Paranaguá. In 1654, the dissemination of the existence of silver mines in the region led to the settlement of several other places south of Paranaguá, such as São Francisco do Sul(1658), Santa Catarina Island(1675), localities in which the Spanish occupation processed in the last century, there were almost no vestiges, and finally, Laguna (1676), settlements that were, respectively, in the times when they emerged, the most advanced of the southern coast and the basic nuclei of the Catarinian settlement.

The dissemination of these mineral riches not only attracted the Portuguese to the coastal stretch, but also led them to try to complete the plan to dominate it until the River Plate before the Spaniards again settled in some ports of this strip, guaranteeing the possession of the mines that possibly extending and extending the southern border to the platinum estuary which they considered as the natural limit of the territory. Carrying out their pretensions, they built, in 1680, on the left bank of the river of the Silver, not occupied by the Castilians, the Colony of Sacramento, one of the first settlements of Uruguay. Between Laguna, until the moment the most advanced settlement of the south coast, and the Colony of the Sacramento was opened the way destined, mainly, to attend to the commerce of the cattle. In the comings and goings, Portuguese and lagunistas became aware of the existence of the great herd of bovines and goats that there existed in the loose and they took advantage of it. The precincts began to appear and then the wintering that marked the temporary occupation of the region, in which there was no settlement nucleus. After all, in 1733, inhabitants of Laguna moved there, fixing themselves in the restingas between the sea and the lagoons. Laguna was, at the end of the seventeenth century, the point of support for the occupation of the South. From it departed the elements that settled in the coast of Rio Grande. Its inhabitants opened up the terrestrial paths to the Missões and others that completed the connections of São Paulo to Rio Grande.

The first urban nucleus emerged four years later, when the Portuguese government ordered the foundation of a fort that would have as its objective the official and effective possession of Rio Grande and the defense of this part of the coast between Laguna and Colonia of Sacramento. It was the Fort of Jesus Maria José(1737) erected on the shore of the Lagoa dos Patos. Around it formed the original nucleus of the first village installed in Rio Grande, Rio Grande de São Pedro(1751), now the city of Rio Grande. After the foundation of the fort, lands were granted until Santa Vitória do Palmar, whose owners dedicated themselves especially to the cattle raising; the second population nucleus was São José do Norte (1763); was born when the Spaniards blocked the Colônia do Sacramento and attacked the town of Rio Grande de São Pedro whose inhabitants fled to Laguna, Rio de Janeiro and some to the other side of the canal, where they bloomed São José do Norte. After the foundation of the fort, lands were granted to Santa Vitória do Palmar, whose owners dedicated themselves especially to the cattle raising. The second population center was São José do Norte (1763), founded when the Spaniards blocked the Colony of Sacramento and attacked the village of Rio Grande de São Pedro whose inhabitants fled to Laguna, Rio de Janeiro and some to the other side of the channel, where they founded São José do Norte.

These sparse nuclei, not only on the coast of Rio Grande but also in Santa Catarina, did not constitute a guarantee to maintain possession of these areas near the border and threatened with external aggression. This led the Portuguese government to introduce in 1748 the colonization system with Azorean families in order to complete the occupation, establishing a continuous settlement from Santa Catarina to Rio Grande. Taking into account the defense issue, the location of the Azoreans was strategic, making themselves at points spaced from the coastal path. In Santa Catarina they settled in two stretches: Island of Santa Catarina - continental area bordering to him and around Laguna. In Rio Grande they were not limited to the coast, they also settled in nuclei throughout the Central Depression. The government's objective was to use the Azorean arm in agriculture, not only because the region's almost exclusive activity was cattle ranching, responsible for the rarefaction of its population, but above all for the interest of arresting man to the land, contributing to the strengthening of coastal occupation and accelerating the population density. The success was not complete.